Introduction
A Zion society, as described in Moses 7:18, is a community where people are “of one heart and one mind, and dwelt in righteousness; and there was no poor among them.” Achieving such a society requires a well-organized economy. This essay argues that a system based on cooperative free enterprise closely aligns with Zion principles by promoting unity, righteousness, and economic equality. By examining examples from the Book of Mormon, current class divisions in America, and the potential of cooperatives, we can see how this approach can help build a more just and peaceful society.
Historical Context from the Book of Mormon
The Book of Mormon highlights how economic inequality and class divisions can lead to serious conflicts and even societal collapse. One example is the Zoramites, who separated themselves based on wealth and social status, leading to deep social and spiritual divides (Alma 31-35). The wealthy built synagogues for their exclusive use, excluding the poor, which led to societal instability and conflict.
Another example is the rise of the Gadianton robbers (Helaman 6), a group that sought power and wealth through deceit and murder, worsening social inequalities. Their infiltration of government positions led to widespread corruption and the eventual downfall of Nephite society. These stories highlight the dangers of allowing wealth and power to concentrate in the hands of a few, leading to corruption and societal collapse.
Similarly, the decline of the Nephite civilization, as described in 4 Nephi, shows the catastrophic impact of pride and inequality. After a period of peace and unity where “there was no poor among them” (4 Nephi 1:3), class distinctions re-emerged, leading to societal splintering, wars, and ultimate destruction. These accounts emphasize the importance of economic equality and unity to prevent societal collapse.
Current Class Divisions in America
Today, the United States faces significant challenges related to economic inequality, which threaten social cohesion and stability. According to a report by the Federal Reserve, the wealthiest 1% of Americans own more wealth than the entire middle class combined. This disparity creates a significant divide between the super-rich and those struggling to meet basic needs, similar to the divisions seen among the Zoramites and Nephites.
Many young people in America face bleak economic prospects, despite high levels of education. They encounter a job market with limited opportunities, rising costs of living, and significant student debt. A Pew Research study found that Millennials are less likely to own homes and more likely to carry debt than previous generations. This economic insecurity can lead to frustration and a sense of hopelessness, mirroring the desperation that often leads to social unrest and conflict.
If left unaddressed, these economic inequalities could escalate into more serious social and political conflicts. As the Book of Mormon illustrates, when societies allow significant disparities in wealth and power, they often face instability and eventual collapse. It is crucial to seek solutions that promote economic justice and unity, aligning with the principles of a Zion society.
Understanding Cooperative Free Enterprise
Cooperative free enterprise offers a viable model for creating a society that aligns with the ideals of Zion. In a cooperative, businesses are owned and democratically managed by their members, ensuring that profits and decision-making are shared. This model fosters economic equality, as all members benefit from the enterprise’s success, rather than a select few.
There are various forms of cooperatives, including consumer cooperatives, where members purchase goods together for better prices, and worker cooperatives, where employees own the business. The Mondragon Corporation in Spain is a prime example of a successful large-scale worker cooperative, demonstrating that businesses can thrive while maintaining democratic principles and fair distribution of wealth.
Leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have long recognized the potential of cooperatives to build a Zion-like society. Elder Wilford Woodruff emphasized supporting cooperation as a step toward establishing the Order of Enoch and building Zion (Oct 1873 General Conference). President Brigham Young also noted that the cooperative movement is a stepping stone to the Order of Enoch and the Order of Heaven (4/7/1869). These statements highlight the belief that cooperatives are not merely economic tools but are integral to spiritual and communal progress.
Addressing Class and Political Conflicts
By promoting equitable distribution of wealth, cooperatives help narrow the gap between the rich and the poor, reducing social tensions that often lead to conflict. In a cooperative model, all members have a voice in decision-making, preventing the concentration of power and ensuring that the interests of the entire community are considered.
Cooperatives also emphasize community development and mutual support. Profits are often reinvested in community projects such as education and healthcare, fostering social cohesion and helping to uplift the disadvantaged. This approach not only aligns with the principle of having “no poor among them” but also helps create a society that is “of one heart and one mind.”
Elder Lorenzo Snow expressed a similar sentiment, viewing cooperation as “a steppingstone to the Order of Enoch, and will enable the Saints who receive it in a proper spirit, to gradually prepare themselves to enter, in due time, more fully into the practice of principles necessary to accomplish the building up of the kingdom of our God” (1873). President John Taylor also emphasized the role of cooperation in preparing for a united, Zion society: “We will strive to be one; and if we cannot go so far as to sustain cooperation in regard to these things, how in the name of common sense are we ever going into the United Order?” (April 1879 General Conference). These teachings underscore the spiritual and practical importance of cooperative principles in achieving Zion.
Challenges and Counter-Arguments
While some argue that cooperatives may lack efficiency or innovation, evidence suggests otherwise. Cooperatives often excel in fostering long-term stability and innovation, as members are deeply invested in the success of the enterprise. This sense of ownership and commitment can lead to higher productivity and a willingness to invest in sustainable practices.
Transitioning to a cooperative-based economy may seem daunting, but it is feasible with the right support, such as government policies that encourage cooperative development and educational programs that teach cooperative principles. The challenges of funding can also be addressed through cooperative banks and community investment funds, ensuring that cooperatives have access to the necessary resources for growth and development.
Case Studies and Success Stories
Several regions and communities have successfully integrated cooperative principles into their economies. In Scandinavian countries, cooperatives are an integral part of the economic landscape, contributing to high levels of social equity and well-being. The Mondragon Corporation is another successful example, demonstrating that cooperatives can compete on a global scale while maintaining ethical and equitable practices.
At the local level, cooperatives provide affordable housing, support small farmers, and create local jobs, showing that this model can be adapted to various sectors and community needs. These examples illustrate how cooperatives can help build a society that reflects the values of unity, righteousness, and economic justice.
Conclusion
In conclusion, cooperative free enterprise offers a promising path toward creating a society that aligns with the Zion ideal of being “of one heart and one mind” with “no poor among them.” By promoting equitable wealth distribution, democratic governance, and community support, cooperatives can help reduce class and political conflicts and build a more just and stable society. As we work toward this vision, we must support the development of cooperatives and embrace the principles of unity and equality that are central to a Zion society. Through these efforts, we can create a future that reflects the best of our values and aspirations.
(c) 2024 by Jesse Fisher.